2016中考英语重点短语用法总结

发布时间:2016-03-20

  中考英语考试想的考取好成绩,重在平时的积累记忆,下面学习啦小编为大家带来2016中考英语重点短语用法总结,希望对大家的中考英语备考有所帮助!

  2016中考英语重点短语用法总结:

  1 . cost / take / spend / pay 花费

  花费时间做某事 : It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time (in)doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .

  某人花钱买某物 : sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money .

  ※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人, cost 主语是物。

  ※ spent 还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ?

  The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . = I _______ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .

  He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone .

  It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day .

  2 . thanks for为…而感谢

  ⑴ ______ inviting me to your birthday party .

  thanks to 多亏/由于

  ⑵______ your help .I got good grades .

  3 . 感叹句 :多么… what + 名词

  how + 形容词 / 副词

  ⑴. ______ bad weather ! ⑵. ______ hard he works !

  ⑶. ______ fresh vegetables ! ⑷. ______ cute a monkey it is !

  4 . 因为、由于 : because( 连词 ) +从句: ( 表示原因 )

  because of(介词短语) + 名词(短语 )= thanks to

  ⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache .

  He was late for class ______ the bad weather .

  He can’t come _____ he is ill .

  Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather .

  ※because和 so不能同时连用 .

  5 . 来自 : be from = come from

  ⑴ Where are you from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______ ?

  ⑵ He is from Tibet . = He ______ ______ Tibet .

  6 . How often 对频率提问 ( 多久一次) →回答用表示频率的副词或短语

  How long 对一段时间提问 (多久 ) →回答用表示一段时间的状语

  How soon 对将来时间提问 ( 多久 ) →回答用 in+时间段

  How far 询问多长距离(多长)

  ⑴- ______ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years .

  ⑵- ______ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes.

  ⑶ - ______ will your father come back ? - In two years .

  ⑷- _____ do you exercise ? - Once a week .

  ⑸- _____ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles .

  ⑹- _____ are you staying there ? - Two weeks .

  7 . 乘交通工具 : take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语

  by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语

  交通工具有:train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane…

  ⑴ He takes a bus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes to bank on a bus .

  ⑵ I walk to school . = I go to school ______ .

  ※ 骑自行车、马或驴用ride : ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car

  8 . 对不起 : Excuse me (劳驾,客套话 )

  Sorry ( 表示道歉 )

  ⑴ ______ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?

  ⑵–Would you mind cleaning your room ? - ______ . I’ll do it right away .

  ⑶- Don’t eat in class . - _____ . Ms Clark .

  ⑷ _____ , is this the way to the station ?

  9 . 声音 : sound ( 自然界各种声音 )

  noise(噪音)

  voice(悦耳的声音:嗓子)

  ⑴Lucy has a sweet ______ . ⑵That ______ like a good idea .

  ⑶Don’t make ______ . The baby is sleeping .

  10 . look like (外貌看起来像… )

  be like ( 性格像… )

  ⑴ Lily _____ _____ Lucy . Oh , they are twins .

  ⑵ Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful .

  11 . take… to … 带去

  bring…to …带来

  fetch 没有方向性(强调来回)

  ⑴ Tony . ______ the ball here .Please .

  ⑵ My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays .

  ⑶ ______ your homework _____ school tomorrow .

  12. 一些 : some 用于肯定句

  any 用于否定句和疑问句

  ⑴ I’d like ______ milk .

  ⑵ –Would you like ______ yogurt ?

  _ Thanks . I don’t want ______ .

  ※ 在一般疑问句中,认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到对方肯定回答时,也用some .

  13. 多少 : How many修饰可数名词复数

  How much 修饰不可数名词

  ⑴ ______ juice do you want ? ⑵ ______ apples do you want ?

  ⑶- ______is the T-shirt ? –It’s 30 yuan .

  ※ How much可对价钱提问:How much are the potatoes ?

  14. 看 :see 强调看的结果

  look ( at ) 不及物动词,强调看的动作

  watch 观看:比赛、电视、表演、电影

  read 读,朗读:看书、看报、看信、看杂志

  ⑴Don’t______ in bed .

  ⑵ We will ______ a basketball game this evening .

  ⑶ Please ______ the blackboard . Everyone .

  ⑷ I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday .

  ※On Saturday night . I saw an interesting talk show .

  On Saturday evening . several kids watched a movie . watch a movie =go to a movie

  15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 → Please stop talking .

  stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事

  ⑴ The girl soon stopped ______ (cry ) . ⑵ He was tired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest .

  16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作:

  △forget / remember to do sth(忘记/记得去做某事)→ He forgot to turn off the light .(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post office after school .

  forget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作:

  △forget / remember doing sth(忘记/记得做过某事)→ He forgot turningoff the light .(已做过关灯的动作) Don’t you remember seeing the man before ?

  17. 到达… reach + 地点

  get to + 地点 reach = get to

  arrive + in + 大地点

  arrive + at + 小地点

  ⑴ He reached London yesterday . = He ______ to London yesterday . = He ______ in London yesterday .

  ⑵ She arrived ______ the bus station just now . ⑶ You should ______ ( get ) home on time .

  ※ 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时,都不加介词。如:get home get there 省略 to

  18. 擅长,在…方面做得好 : be good at = do well in .

  ⑴ She is good at chemistry . = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry .

  ⑵ Niuniu is good at ______ the violin . = Niuniu ______ well in ______ the violin .

  ⑶ Lucy and Lily are twin girls .Lucy is better ______ dancing than Lily .but Lily _____ ______ in singing than Lucy .

  19. win ( 赢得 )接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize

  beat( 打败、战胜 )接运动员、球队、对手等。

  ⑴ Which team ______ the football match ?

  ⑵ Wang Hao ______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles .

  20. 借 borrow sth . from sb = borrow sb . sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入

  lend sth . to sb = lend sb . sth把某物借给某人 → lend 借出

  keep延续性动词 ,与一段时间连用。

  ⑴ Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ?

  ⑵ You can borrow some money ____ your brother . = You can borrow yourbrother ____ ____.

  ⑶ - How long can I ______ the book ?

  - You can _____ it for two weeks .

  ※ 类似用法的还有:buy — have put on — wear become — be

  leave — be away from open — be open begin — be on

  die — be dead return — be back

  ① become He has ______ a doctor .

  He has ______ a doctor for 10 years .

  ② begin The film has ______ .

  The film has _________ for ten minutes .

  21. 能,会。be able to

  can

  ※ 情态动词后面都接动词原形。

  ⑴ We should ______ able to finish the work tomorrow .

  ⑵ I can ______ (play) the guitar .⑶ He ______ able to play chess .

  22. too many 太多 — 修饰可数名词复数→ I have too many rules in my house .

  too much 太多 — 修饰不可数名词→ Maybe you have too much yin .

  much too太— 后跟形容词或副词原级→ This coat is much too expensive .

  ⑴ Eating _____ ______ is bad for your health .

  ⑵ It’s ______ ______cold today . You’d better not go out .

  ⑶There are______ ______ students in the hallways . It’s dangerous .

  23. have / has been to 去过某地 →He has been to Beijing . (现在不在北京)

  have / has gone to 去了某地 →He has gone to Beijing . (现在可能在北京,或在去北京的途中)

  have/hasbeen in / at在某地

  ⑴I have ever _______ ______ America twice .

  ⑵ He has ______ ______ Beijing for ten years .

  ⑶– Where is your brother ?

  - He______ ______ to Hainan .

  ⑷ _____ you ever ______ ______ Disneyland ?

  24. used to do sth .过去常做某事→ This river used to be very clean .

  be(get)used to doing sth .习惯于做某事 → I’m not used to getting up early .

  be used to do sth = be used for doing sth . 被用于做某事→ Pens are used for writing .

  ⑴ XiaoGang ______ ______ ______ afraid of the dark .

  ⑵ Thebroom is ______ ______ clean the room . = The broom is ______ ______ cleaning the room .

  ⑶ He ______ ______ ______ living countryside .There is fresh air and sweet well .

  ⑷ Wood _____ _____ _____ making paper .

  25. belong to + 名词 / 人称代词宾格 (属于)

  be + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词 (是)

  ⑴It must ______ Ning’s .= It must _________ Ning .

  ⑵ The pencil must be ______ (my) . = The pencil must belong to ______ (my) .

  ⑶ This ball ______ to me .= This ball is ______ .

  26. can’t 不可能 0

  表示推测、判断 could/might 也许、可能 50﹪— 80﹪

  must 肯定、一定 100﹪

  ⑴ The CD _____ belong to Tony . because he likes listening to music .

  ⑵ The notebook ______ be mine .It has my name on it .

  ⑶ The toy ______ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old man .

  27. be made from (由…制成)看不出原材料

  be made of (由…制成)看得出原材料

  ⑴ The table ______ ______ ______ wood .

  ⑵ Paper ______ ______ ______ wood .

  28. prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事

  prefer sth . to sth . 喜欢…而不喜欢…

  prefer doing sth . to doing sth . 喜欢做…而不喜欢做…

  ⑴ I prefer ______ (swim) to ______ (play) balls . ⑵ He _______ fish to beef .

  ⑶ I prefer to ______ (walk) to work .

  29. 一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词 : —ed 修饰人

  —ing 修饰物

  ⑴ I want to go somewhere ______ (relaxing/relaxed) .

  ⑵ She is ______ in this ______ history story . (interesting/interested )

  ※ interesting(有趣的) — interested(感兴趣的) tiring(累人的)— tired(累的,疲倦的)

  boring (令人无聊的)— bored(无聊的)exciting(令人兴奋的)— excited(激动的)

  surprising(令人惊讶的) — surprised(惊讶的)

  relaxing(令人放松的) — relaxed(放松的)

  embarrassing (令人尴尬的;令人为难的) — embarrassed (尴尬的;为难的)

  30. the number of + 名词复数(…的数量)作主语, 谓语用单数。

  a number of + 名词复数 (许多、一些)= many

  ⑴ The number of students in our class______ 80 .

  ⑵ ______ number of students are in Helin Middle School .

  31. for + 一段时间

  since + 时间点/过去时的句子

  ⑴ We have been studying English ______ three years .

  ⑵ He has been staying here ______ he was five years old . .

  ⑶ We haven’t seen each other ______ ten years ago .

  ※ for和 since 可以相互转换。如:Jenny has been collecting coins for several years .= Jenny has been collecting coins since several years ______ .

  32. 除…之外 except (不包括在内)→ Everyone could answer this question except Jim .

  besides (包括在内)→There are three girls besides me .

  ⑴ We all passed the exam ______ Li Yang .

  ⑵ Many other students like basketball ______ Guo Xiaojun .

  33. already 用于肯定句中(已经)

  yet 用于疑问句末(已经)

  用于否定句末(还)

  ⑴ Have you seen the film ______ ? ⑵ I haven’t locked the door ______ .

  ⑶ Mom has _______ watered the flowers .

  34. 否定祈使句 Don’t + v.

  No + v.ing / n.

  ⑴ Don’t smoke here . = ______ ______ here . ⑵ Don’t take photos. = ______ ______ .

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